What type of substances accelerate the heart rate and elevate blood pressure?

Central nervous system stimulants are substances that act on the brain and can lead to increased activity in the body. These stimulants work by enhancing the release of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine, which not only increase alertness and energy levels but also stimulate the cardiovascular system. As a result, heart rate and blood pressure rise, which is a common physiological response to these kinds of substances.

In contrast, depressants tend to slow down brain activity and often have the opposite effect, leading to decreased heart rates and lowered blood pressure. Hallucinogens primarily alter perceptions and may not have a consistent effect on heart rate and blood pressure. Alcohol, while it can initially have stimulant-like effects in small amounts, primarily acts as a depressant that affects the nervous system and can lead to decreased heart rate and blood pressure over time. This makes central nervous system stimulants the most accurate choice for substances that accelerate heart rate and elevate blood pressure.